A practical guide to common eye diseases, warning symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options. Use it to prepare for a consultation—not to replace one.
Select a condition to jump to its guide. Where a full clinical page is available, you can open the specialist guide for more questions and follow-up information.
Technology matters when it improves a clinical decision. Our refractive specialists compare options around your cornea, eye health, work and expectations.
A premium laser vision correction pathway using detailed measurements, ray-tracing planning and individualised treatment design. It is intended for carefully selected patients after a complete suitability evaluation.
A minimally invasive, flap-free option for selected spectacle powers. Your corneal thickness, shape, tear film and lifestyle determine whether SILK or another option is safer for you.
LASIK, surface procedures and ICL each have different suitability criteria. A transparent work-up helps you compare expected vision, recovery, risks and long-term care before deciding.
These guides cover the conditions shown first in the reference material. Costs are indicative where shown and must be confirmed after examination and lens or procedure selection.
Myopia, or short-sightedness, causes distant objects such as road signs, classroom boards and television text to appear blurred. It usually happens when the eye is longer than average or focuses light in front of the retina.
Glasses and contact lenses provide safe, effective correction. Suitable adults may discuss LASIK, surface procedures or ICL only after a complete corneal, tear-film and retinal assessment. Children need regular power and eye-health reviews.
Astigmatism is an uneven curve of the cornea or natural lens. Instead of focusing light to one sharp point, the eye forms a stretched focus, which can make letters look shadowed or lights look star-shaped.
Cylindrical spectacle power, toric contact lenses or specialty lenses may improve focus. Laser vision correction is considered only when corneal measurements and overall eye health show that it is appropriate.
Presbyopia affects almost everyone as the natural lens loses its ability to change focus for near work. Reading menus, mobile text and fine print may become difficult, especially in dim light.
Reading glasses, bifocals, progressive lenses or contact-lens options can be chosen around work and lifestyle. Lens replacement or presbyopia-correcting surgery requires a detailed discussion of benefits, limitations and alternatives.
Actual cost depends on the examination, lens or procedure selected, and the care plan advised by your ophthalmologist.
Keratoconus is a progressive eye disease where the cornea thins and bulges outward into a cone shape, distorting vision. Light scatters, causing blur, glare and halos that glasses may not fully correct.
Allergy control and stopping eye rubbing are important. Glasses or specialty contact lenses may improve vision. Corneal cross-linking can slow documented progression; advanced cases may need ring segments or corneal transplantation.
Actual cost depends on the examination, lens or procedure selected, and the care plan advised by your ophthalmologist.
Explore the remaining topics below. Each card connects to a focused guide when the clinical content is available.
Redness can be caused by infection, allergy, dryness or irritation.
Diabetes-related retinal changes that can develop without early symptoms.
A sight-threatening separation of the retina that needs urgent assessment.
Spots, cobwebs or shadows that move across your field of vision.
Itchy, watery and red eyes triggered by an allergic response.
Rare tumours affecting the eyelid, eye surface or structures inside the eye.
A symptom with many possible causes, from a power change to retinal disease.
Macular changes that affect detailed central vision and reading.
Reduced visual development in one eye, often linked with childhood squint or power.
A significant difference in spectacle power between the two eyes.
Long-sightedness that may cause near strain, blur or headaches.
Yellowing of the eye white that should be assessed with general health symptoms.
Trauma, chemical exposure or a foreign body can threaten the eye quickly.
Absence of the natural lens after surgery, injury or a rare childhood condition.
An unstable tear film causing burning, grittiness, watering or fluctuating blur.
Eye strain associated with screens, prolonged near work, uncorrected power or dryness.
Puffiness beneath the eyes related to anatomy, ageing, fluid retention or allergy.
Severe corneal scarring or opacity that blocks the passage of light.
Do not self-diagnose from a symptom alone. Note when it started, whether one or both eyes are affected, and whether vision is worsening. Bring your glasses, contact lenses, medicines and previous reports to an ophthalmologist.
A consultation may include visual acuity, refraction, eye-pressure testing, slit-lamp examination and a dilated retina check. OCT, corneal mapping, visual fields, photography or blood tests are selected only when they add useful information.
Treatment depends on the cause and stage. Options may include observation, glasses, contact lenses, lubricants, prescribed medicines, laser procedures, injections or surgery. Your doctor should explain expected benefit, alternatives, risks and follow-up.
Have regular examinations, protect eyes from injury and UV exposure, avoid rubbing, remove contact lenses as instructed, control diabetes and blood pressure, and take screen breaks. Children need timely checks because vision development has a limited window.
Arrange prompt care for persistent blur, pain, redness, discharge, light sensitivity or a new change in vision. Seek same-day help for sudden sight loss, a curtain or shadow, flashes with many floaters, chemical injury or severe pain.
Some conditions remain stable, but others can cause avoidable scarring, amblyopia, pressure damage, retinal damage or permanent sight loss. Early assessment does not always mean surgery—it gives you a safer choice about what to do next.
Choose a registered ophthalmologist with experience in the relevant part of the eye, access to the tests you may need and a clear follow-up process. Vision Plus Eye Centre has specialist-led care at Sector 51, Noida and Noida Extension.
