Last updated: 7 November 2026
This page lists 34 eye diseases that we see most often at Vision Plus Eye Centre in Noida, grouped by the part of the eye they affect. Each one has a short plain description and a link to a full page on symptoms, causes and treatment. Self-diagnosis is not reliable for most eye problems, so use this page to learn, and see a doctor to confirm.
Red flag symptoms that need same-day care
Some eye symptoms cannot wait for the next convenient appointment. Call +91 8800313134 and say it is urgent, or go to the nearest emergency department if the centre is closed.
| Symptom | What it may mean | What to do now |
|---|---|---|
| Sudden loss or sharp drop in vision in one eye | Retinal artery or vein blockage, detachment, optic nerve problem | Come the same day; do not wait to see if it settles |
| A dark curtain or shadow spreading across vision | Retinal detachment | Same-day retina assessment |
| New shower of floaters with flashes of light | Retinal tear or detachment, vitreous bleed | Same-day dilated examination |
| Severe eye pain, redness, headache, nausea and haloes around lights | Acute angle-closure glaucoma | Emergency care; pressure must be lowered quickly |
| Painful red eye with blurred vision, especially in a contact lens wearer | Corneal ulcer | Remove lenses and come the same day |
| Chemical splash, metal or wood injury, or a blow to the eye | Chemical burn, penetrating injury, bleeding | Rinse with clean water for 15 minutes for chemicals, then come at once; do not rub or press the eye |
| Sudden double vision, or a drooping lid with a large pupil | Nerve or neurological problem | Same-day review; may need brain imaging |
| Red, swollen eyelid with fever, especially in a child | Spreading infection | Same-day review |
Front of the eye: cornea, conjunctiva and tears
The cornea is the clear window at the front, the conjunctiva is the thin lining over the white of the eye, and tears keep both healthy.
- Allergic conjunctivitis : itchy, watery, red eyes triggered by dust, pollen or pets.
- Conjunctivitis : inflamed lining of the eye, caused by virus, bacteria or allergy, often called "pink eye".
- Corneal opacity : a scar or haze on the cornea that blocks or scatters light.
- Corneal ulcer : an open sore on the cornea, usually from infection, that threatens sight if not treated early.
- Dry eye : not enough tears, or poor-quality tears, causing grittiness, burning and blur.
- Keratoconus : a cornea that thins and bulges into a cone shape, distorting vision.
- Watery eyes : constant tearing from a blocked tear duct, dryness or irritation.
The lens
The lens sits behind the pupil and focuses light onto the retina.
- Cataract : clouding of the natural lens that causes blurred, glary vision (motiyabind).
- Posterior dislocation of the lens : a lens that has slipped backward into the eye after injury, surgery or weak support.
Retina, vitreous and uvea
The retina is the light-sensing layer at the back of the eye, the vitreous is the gel in the middle, and the uvea is the middle layer carrying blood vessels.
- Asteroid hyalosis : tiny calcium soap particles in the vitreous, usually harmless to vision.
- Central serous retinopathy : fluid under the macula that blurs central vision, often linked to stress or steroid use.
- Diabetic retinopathy : damage to retinal blood vessels caused by long-standing diabetes.
- Flashes and floaters : spots, threads or lightning-like flashes that can be harmless or an early sign of a tear.
- Lattice degeneration : thin patches in the peripheral retina that can lead to tears.
- Macular degeneration : age-related damage to the macula, the centre of the retina.
- Macular hole : a small break in the centre of the retina causing distorted and blurred central vision.
- Retinal detachment : the retina peels away from the wall of the eye, an emergency.
- Retinal vein occlusion : a blocked vein in the retina causing swelling, bleeding and sudden blur.
- Retinochoroidal coloboma : a gap in the retina and choroid present from birth.
- Uveitis : inflammation inside the eye, causing redness, pain, light sensitivity and floaters.
- Vitreomacular traction : the vitreous gel pulling on the macula and distorting vision.
- Vitreous haemorrhage : bleeding into the vitreous, causing sudden floaters or a red haze.
Optic nerve and glaucoma
The optic nerve carries images from the eye to the brain.
- Glaucoma : damage to the optic nerve, usually with raised eye pressure, that silently narrows side vision (kala motia).
- Optic neuritis : inflammation of the optic nerve causing sudden blur and pain on eye movement.
Eyelids and orbit
- Blepharitis : chronic inflammation of the lid margins causing crusting, itching and burning.
- Ectropion : the lower eyelid turns outward and the eye waters.
- Entropion : the eyelid turns inward and lashes rub the eye.
- Ptosis : a drooping upper eyelid.
- Stye and chalazion : painful or painless lumps in the eyelid caused by blocked or infected glands.
Children and focusing
- Convergence insufficiency : difficulty keeping both eyes together for close work, causing strain and headaches.
- Paediatric eye diseases : the range of eye problems in infants and children.
- Refractive error : short-sight, long-sight and astigmatism, corrected with glasses, lenses or surgery.
- Retinopathy of prematurity : abnormal retinal blood vessels in premature babies, needing timely screening.
- Squint and amblyopia : misaligned eyes (tirchi nazar) and "lazy eye" in children.
When to book a routine check
Book a complete dilated check-up every year if you have diabetes, are over 40, have a family history of glaucoma, or are very short-sighted. Children should have a first eye check by school age, or earlier if a parent notices a squint. Read more on the complete eye check-up page . For the treatments behind these conditions, see all eye treatments and the cost page .
Frequently asked questions
What are the most common eye diseases?
Refractive errors (the need for glasses), cataract, dry eye, conjunctivitis, glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy account for most visits. In India, cataract is the leading cause of treatable blindness, and diabetic retinopathy is rising with diabetes. The sections above group the conditions by part of the eye.
What are the early warning signs of an eye disease?
Blurred or cloudy vision, glare at night, eye pain, redness that does not settle, new floaters or flashes, double vision, a drooping lid, and trouble seeing at the edges can all be early signs. Glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy may cause no symptoms at first, so check-ups matter.
Who is at higher risk of eye disease?
People with diabetes, high blood pressure or a family history of eye disease; people over 40; very short-sighted people; those who use steroids for long; smokers; and anyone with a past eye injury. Premature babies need screening. A check-up is worthwhile even if you feel well.
Can eye diseases be cured?
Some can, such as cataract (with surgery) or an infective ulcer (with early treatment). Others, such as glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy, are managed to stop vision from getting worse. Damage that has already happened is often not reversible, which is why early detection matters.
Can I prevent eye diseases?
You can lower your risk. Control sugar and blood pressure, do not smoke, wear UV-protective sunglasses, use protective eyewear for hazardous work, take regular screen breaks, and attend yearly check-ups if you are at risk. Do not put home remedies or old drops in a red or painful eye.
Which eye doctor in Noida should I see?
For cataract, glasses-free vision, glaucoma or children's eyes, start with Dr. Ritu Aurora. For diabetes, retina, floaters or sudden vision change, start with Dr. Ajay Aurora. Call +91 8800313134 and the desk will guide you. See eye doctors in Noida .
Book an eye check
Appointments: +91 8800313134 (call or WhatsApp). Eye surgery consultation: +91 9717417417. Email: wecare@visionplus.net.in. Centres: Sector 51, Noida, and Gaur City 1, Greater Noida West.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Ritu Aurora and Dr. Ajay Aurora, November 2026